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First published on June 29, 2007, doi:10.1177/1090198106294893

Health Education & Behavior 2008;35:361.

A more recent version of this article appeared on June 1, 2008

Article

Developing and Validating a Measure of Chinese Cultural Views of Health and Cancer

Wenchi Liang, DDS, PhD1*, Judy H. Wang, PhD1, Mei-Yuh Chen, MS1, Shibao Feng, PhD1, Marion Lee, PhD2, Marc D. Schwartz, PhD3, Rena J. Pasick, PhD2, and Jeanne S. Mandelblatt, MD, MPH1

1 Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
2 University of California, San Francisco
3 Georgetown University,Washington, DC

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: liangw1{at}georgetown.edu.


  Abstract
To develop and validate quantitative scales that measure Chinese cultural views about health and cancer, cultural views were assessed by a 30-item scale through telephone interviews with 438 Chinese-American women aged 50 and older. Cultural subscales were identified using principal component analysis and validated by their associations with age at immigration and breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening patterns. The overall scale had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha =. 79). Factor analysis yielded seven cultural subscales--fatalism, hot-cold balance, use of herbs, self-care, medical examination, lifestyle, and Western medicine (alpha = .39 to .82). The majority of the cultural subscales were significantly associated with age at immigration (p < .001). Fatalism, Self-Care, and Medical Examination subscales consistently predicted nonadherence to breast, cervical, and CRC screening recommendations, even after considering other factors. Chinese cultural views consist of at least seven domains and may influence older women's breast, cervical, and CRC screening.
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