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Health Education & Behavior
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Article

Designing Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Health Interventions: The "Life Is Precious" Hmong Breast Cancer Study

Sora Park Tanjasiri, DrPH, MPH1*, Marjorie Kagawa-Singer, PhD, RN, MN2, Mary Anne Foo, MPH3, Maichew Chao4, Irene Linayao-Putman, MPH5, John Nguyen, DMD, MPH6, Georgi Pirumyan, MD, MPH7, Annalyn Valdez, MPH2

1 Department of Health Science, California State University, Fullerton.
2 School of Public Health and Asian American Studies, University of California, Los Angeles.
3 Orange County Asian and Pacific Islander Community Alliance, Garden Grove, California.
4 Families in Good Health, Long Beach, California.
5 Union of Pan Asian Communities, San Diego, California.
6 Stone Soup, Fresno, California.
7 Yerevan, Armenia.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: stanjasiri{at}fullerton.edu.


  Abstract

Cancer is the number one cause of death for Asian American women, yet they have the lowest rates of cancer screening. Contributing factors, particularly for Hmong women, include the lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate educational interventions. This study aimed to develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate intervention to improve the breast cancer screening rates among Hmong women in Fresno and San Diego, California. Intervention elements included the development of a flipchart, brochure, and video that presented basic breast health and screening information, along with the targeting of not only women but men to support their wives'breast cancer screenings. Analyses of pre- and postworkshop surveys showed increases in knowledge and more positive attitudes among all participants, behavioral intentions for clinical breast examinations and mammograms among women, and support for such exams and possible cancer treatment among men. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.

Key Words: low literacy, non-English speaking, culturally appropriate, language appropriate, breast cancer, screening, Hmong, Asian American women, intervention

First published on May 31, 2006, doi:10.1177/1090198105285336

Health Education & Behavior 2007;34:140.

A more recent version of this article appeared on February 1, 2007

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M. Kagawa-Singer, S. P. Tanjasiri, A. Valdez, H. Yu, and M. A. Foo
Outcomes of a Breast Health Project for Hmong Women and Men in California
Am J Public Health, October 1, 2009; 99(S2): S467 - S473.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]