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Health Education & Behavior
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Article

Effects of a Preschool Staff Intervention on Children's Sun Protection: Outcomes of Sun Protection Is Fun!

Ellen R. Gritz, PhD1*, Mary K. Tripp, MPH1, Aimee S. James, PhD, MPH2, Ronald B. Harrist, PhD3, Nancy H. Mueller, MPH4, Robert M. Chamberlain, PhD5, Guy S. Parcel, PhD6

1 Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
2 Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas Medical Center
3 University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health
4 Saint Louis University School of Public Health
5 Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
6 University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: egritz{at}mdanderson.org.


  Abstract

The preschool is an important yet understudied setting for sun-protection interventions. This study evaluates the effects of Sun Protection is Fun! (SPF) on preschool staff behavioral and psychosocial outcomes related to protecting children from sun exposure. Twenty preschools participated in a 2-year, group-randomized trial to evaluate SPF, a behavioral intervention grounded in social cognitive theory and designed to be more extensive than previous preschool sun-protection interventions. The staff intervention included training, a video, newsletters, a curriculum, and sunscreen. Cross-sectional samples of staff completed surveys at baseline (N = 245), a 12-month intervention assessment (N = 192), and a 24-month intervention assessment (N = 225). At the 12-month and 24-month assessments, significant behavioral effects were seen for use of sunscreen, protective clothing, and shade. Knowledge, self-efficacy, and norms were among the psychosocial variables most affected by the intervention. This study demonstrates that the SPF intervention is effective in improving staff outcomes related to children's sun protection.

Key Words: skin neoplasms, sunburn, prevention, control, knowledge, attitudes, practice, child, preschool

First published on May 31, 2006, doi:10.1177/1090198105277850

Health Education & Behavior 2007;34:562.

A more recent version of this article appeared on August 1, 2007

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