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Does a Healthy Diet Help Weight Management Among Overweight and Obese People?

Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego

Cheryl L. Rock, PhD, RD

Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego

Loki Natarajan, PhD

Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego

Shirley W. Flatt, MS

Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego

Vicky A. Newman, MS, RD

Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego

Cynthia A. Thomson, PhD

Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson

Bette J. Caan, PhD

Kaiser Permanente Northern California, The Permanente Medical Group, Oakland, California

John P. Pierce, PhD

Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, jppierce{at}ucsd.edu

A randomized dietary intervention trial across 4 years examined diet, weight, and obesity incidence (body mass index [BMI] 30 kg/m²) differences between study groups. Participants were 1,510 breast cancer survivors with BMI 25 kg/m² at entry. Dietary intake was assessed yearly by telephone; weight and height were measured at clinic visits. Intervention participants consumed more fruit, vegetables, and fiber and less energy from fat than control participants during follow-up cross-sectionally (p < .0001) and longitudinally (p < .0001); weight did not differ between study groups at any follow-up visit, and significant weight change difference was observed between groups only in the 1st year (p < .0001). Diet and weight results remained unchanged after stratifying by age and BMI. No difference in obesity incidence was found during follow-up (p > .10) among overweight members of either study group. Without specific efforts to reduce total energy intake, dietary modification does not reduce obesity or result in long-term weight loss.

Key Words: fruit • vegetables • total fiber • energy from fat • body weight • clinical trial

This version was published on June 1, 2009

Health Education & Behavior, Vol. 36, No. 3, 518-531 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/1090198108314617


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