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Health Education & Behavior
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Validity of a Sun Safety Diary Using UV Monitors in Middle School Children

Amy L. Yaroch, PhD

National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Health Promotion Research Branch, 6130 Executive Blvd., Rm. 4074/MSC 7335, Bethesda, MD 20892; phone: (301) 451-9530; fax: (301) 480-2087; yarocha{at}mail.nih.gov

Kim D. Reynolds, PhD

University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Institute for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention Research, Alhambra, California.

David B. Buller, PhD

Julie A. Maloy, MS

Klein Buendel, Inc., Golden, Colorado.

Cristy R. Geno, MPH

Kaiser Permanente, Denver, Colorado.

This article describes a validity study conducted among middle school students comparing self-reported sun safetybehaviorsfroma diarywith readingsfromultraviolet(UV)monitorswornondifferentbodysites. The UV monitors are stickers with panels that turn increasingly darker shades of blue in the presence of increasing amounts of UV light. Three schools participated (N = 527). Statistically significant associations were found between self-reported behaviors and the UV monitor measurements, with Kendall's tau b's ranging from 0.400 to 0.823. Multiple regression was performed and indicator variables created separately for arm (R = .12) and leg (R = .49) coverage by protective clothing. The effect of time spent outdoors on the UV monitor measure was attenuated when the students reported having the corresponding body site covered with clothing. Self-reported shade was not a significant predictor of UV monitor change. Overall, the results provide evidence of validity of students' self-reports of time outdoors and protective clothing use.

Key Words: validity • sun safety • measurement

Health Education & Behavior, Vol. 33, No. 3, 340-351 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1090198105285329
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]