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The Development of a Feasible Community-Specific Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Program: Triangulation of Methods and Sources

Rima Nakkash, Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut—Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanonra15{at}aub.edu.lb

Rema A. Afifi Soweid, PhD, MPH

Rema A. Afifi Soweid, Department of Health Behavior and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

Mayssa T. Nehlawi, BA

Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut—Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon

Mona C. Shediac-Rizkallah, PhD

Department of Health Behavior and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

Theresa A. Hajjar, MPH

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Notre Dame University

Mustafa Khogali, MD

Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut—Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

Triangulation of methods, sources, and investigators can lead to amultidimensional understanding of a particular issue. In this study, the combination of qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, and information from community and coalition members resulted in the development of a tailored community-specific intervention. Three components were triangulated after analyzing each separately. A household survey of community members between the ages of 25 and 64 years was conducted to identify knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to cardiovascular disease and to assess risk factor levels. Focus group discussions were conducted with community members to describe facilitators and barriers to healthy lifestyles, as well as possible interventions. Natural group discussions with coalition members analyzed the relevance, feasibility, affordability, acceptability, and sustainability of specific intervention activities. Results from the different components were compared and contrasted. Areas of added information, validation, and contradiction were analyzed and guided the development of intervention activities.

Key Words: triangulation • community • cardiovascular

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