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Self-Efficacy as a Predictor of Dietary Change in a Low-Socioeconomic-Status Southern Adult Population

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA

Betty Kirkley, PhD

Alice Ammerman, RD, DrPH

Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina

Thomas Keyserling, MPH, MD

Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina

Kristine Kelsey, RD, PhD

Center for Developmental Learning, University of North Carolina

Robert DeVellis, PhD

Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina

Ross J. Simpson, Jr., MPH, MD

Department of Medicine

There is an increasing emphasis on designing health promotion interventions for low-socioeconomic-status (SES) individuals. However, many previously developed behavior change tools have not been tested in this population. Self-efficacy was measured at pre- and postintervention as part of a randomized clinical trial to reduce cholesterol levels in rural low-SES Southern adults. A 22-item scale was designed and validated to measure subjects' confidence in their abilities to make dietary changes. High mean self-efficacy was noted in both control and intervention subjects at pre- and postintervention. Mean self-efficacy score was a significant predictor of dietary change at both preintervention and postintervention. This study demonstrates that self-efficacy is a predictor of ability to make dietary changes in a low-SES rural population. This finding is of significance to researchers and practitioners wishing to design theory-based health promotion interventions in this population.

Health Education & Behavior, Vol. 24, No. 3, 357-368 (1997)
DOI: 10.1177/109019819702400308


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