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Health Education & Behavior
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A Health Belief Model Approach to Adolescents' Fertility Control: Some Pilot Program Findings

Marvin Eisen, PhD

University of Texas at Austin

Gail L. Zellman, PhD

Rand Corporation, Santa Monica

Alfred L. McAlister, PhD

University of Texas, Health Sciences Center at Houston

We report initial findings from a community-based intervention intended to strengthen un married teenagers' fertility control behaviors (i.e., abstinence or consistent contraceptive usage). The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used as a conceptual framework for developing curriculum materials and for evaluating a 15-hour educational program targeted at 13- to 17-year-olds of both genders. Interview data pertaining to sexual and contraceptive perceptions, knowledge, and behaviors were collected three times in a no-control, short-term, longitudinal study design: (1) just before; (2) immediately after; and (3) three to six months following the intervention. Dependent variables of major interest were changes in perceptions, knowledge, and self-reported fertility control behaviors. Based on data from the 120 teenagers who completed the followup (80% of those completing the intervention), we found: (1) consistent contraceptive usage in creased significantly; (2) changes in HBM-based contraceptive perceptions and sexual knowledge at immediate post-testing were predictive of increases in contraceptive usage at longer followup; and (3) the majority (62%) remained abstinent from pre-intervention to followup. These findings, study limitations, and suggestions for a future controlled study are then discussed.

Health Education & Behavior, Vol. 12, No. 2, 185-210 (1985)
DOI: 10.1177/109019818501200205
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